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Russify MS Windows: ApplicationsFundamentalsWhile russifying applications, it is important to classify your application correctly right from the start and then base your russification decisions on this classification.
The most important property of application with regards to russification is:
Unicode-Based ApplicationsIf application can use Unicode fonts then it is relatively easy to explain to it how to use Cyrillic Unicode fonts, supplied by Microsoft in system distribution. What is also important, such applications usually allow to mix text in several languages in one document. It is possible because every character is represented by 2-byte code, and two byte codes cover all known world characters including even hieroglyphs. Unicode-based applications that we know how to russify are: Older Single-Byte ApplicationMost older applications cannot use UNICODE fonts, because they represent every character with only one byte and, in general, these applications usually are not aware of the language used. For these application russification is achieved by using special fonts in which positions 128 to 255 are used by national alphabet characters. This approach, apparently, does not allow to have text in multiple languages in one document. Maximum two languges is allowed and one of them has to be English. Single-Byte applications that we know how to russify are: Encoding Translation CapabilitiesAnother dimension that we use to classify applications is: Whether application can automatically translate texts from one encoding to another. This becomes useful in Internet applications where external encoding standard (KOI8-R) may be different from internal encoding standard (CP 1251). Netscape Navigator 4.0 and Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0 and higher have this translation capability. Most other applications (including Eudira) do not. For those of you who want to convert documents from one encoding to another we created Cyrillic Windows Converters page. Netscape Navigator 4.0Russifying Netscape Navigator 4.0 is easy. Navigator now does KOI8-R <-> CP1251 translation, so you do not need to install KOI8-R fonts and keyboard. Just install standard (for Windows) CP1251 fonts and keyboard. And then you need to do several things to educate Navigator about cyrillic fonts. (1) Start Navigator and Select Edit. Preferences. Appearance. Fonts.
(2) Set For the Encoding to Cyrillic.
(3) Select Edit. Preferences. Mail&Groups. Messages. Uncheck box By default send HTML messages. By default you really want to send plain text messages. Netscape got carried away a bit here. (4) Push OK button. The Navigator should now use the Cyrillic fonts you specified.
(5) Test Navigator by going to
KOI8-R test page and
CP1251 test page.
(6) On some pages that do not explicitly specify the encoding you have to switch it manually. Go to View.Encoding and select either Cyrillic (KOI8-R) Cyrillic (Windows-1251) encoding.
(7) When reading and sending Mail and News (Discussion Groups),
select Windows-1251 encoding.
Communicator will automatically convert your messages from CP1251 into KOI8-R
before sending them out and from KOI8-R tro CP1251 when receiving them.
Microsoft Office 97Also applies to Word 7.0 and Word for Windows 95. Russification is straigtforward. Just install fonts and NLS keyboard switcher and then you are ready to type document in Russian. Word 6.0 and older do not support Uncode fonts, so you would need to use them with old-style Cyrillic fonts. Netscape Navigator 3.0
You have to use older KOI8-R fonts and keyboard with Navigator 3.0
if you want to browse KOI8-R sites and read/send KOI8-R mail.
(2) In Netscape Navigator select Options.GeneralPreference.Fonts.
(3a) Set Encoding to Cyrillic(KOI8-R).
(3b) Set Encoding to Cyrillic (means CP1251).
(4) Push OK button.
The Navigator should now use the Cyrillic fonts you specified.
(5a) When browsing Cyrillic HTML pages in KOI8-R,
select Options.DocumentEncoding.Cyrillic(KOI8-R).
(6) Some cyrillic HTML pages let the Navigator know what encoding they are in. Then Navigator chooses the correct encoding automatically. Unfortunately, not all Russian pages have the encoding set correctly and the Navigator itself has bugs that sometimes prevent it from selecting the correct encoding. Navigator 3.0 Mail and NewsNavigator 3.0 allows you both to display and type Mail and News in KOI8-R and CP1251. But, as with browsing, you need to explicitly tell the Navigator what encoding you are using. Since Navigator does not use your current Browser encoding in the newly opened Mail or News, you need to manually set the encoding in bot Mail and News windows. Also you need to set Options.MailAndNewsPreferences.Compose.Allow8bit. Netscape Navigator 2.0
(0) You have not upgraded to 3.0 yet?
(1) Download Cyrillic Web fonts and install them as prescribed above. Install Cyrillic keyboard switcher. (2) In Netscape Navigator select Options.GeneralPreference.Fonts.
(3a) Set Encoding to Latin2(CentralEuropean).
(4) Push OK button. You are done.
(1) Now when browsing Cyrillic HTML pages in KOI8-R,
select Options.DocumentEncoding.Latin2.
Microsoft Internet Explorer 3.0(1) MS Internet Explorer started the automatic KOI8 <-> CP1251 translation trend, so it works correctly only with native Microsoft cyrillic support. Install it as described in fonts and keyboard sections. (2) Start the Internet Explorer and in the lower right corner of its window you will see an Object that vaguely resembles the Globe. The Globe is obscured by patches of color of unknown origin. This Object, in fact, is the button that you use to switch between Cyrillic encodings. Click the Object and select the correct encoding for the Cyrillic page that you now browse. Mail and NewsIn the Mail and News viewer set View. Language. Cyrillic(KOI-8). This will make the IE 3.0 display your Mail and News messages in KOI8-R. Specifically, KOI8-R Mail and News messages will be translated to CP1251 and displayed using the CP1251 Cyrillic font sitting in the Cyrillic section of the standard New Times Roman TTF font. Also MS IE will translate what you type from CP 1251 to KOI8-R. Therefore it is important to set Keyboard Switcher into CP1251 (not KOI8-R) mode (it is called simply Russian in NLS switcher). The subject lines in summary window still appear only in CP1251 even if View.Language.Cyrillic(KOI-8) is set. Apparently, it is a bug. Microsoft Internet Explorer 2.0Russification is broken in IE 2.0, so upgrade to IE 3.0. Eudora Mail Program(1) Download Cyrillic Web fonts and install them as prescribed above. Install Cyrillic keyboard switcher.
(2) Start Eudora and in Tools.Options.Fonts & Display:
(3) Now you will be able to read and type Cyrillic KOI8-R e-mail. |
